What are the two additional learning theories added by Cognitive Theory?

• A. Classical Conditioning and operant conditioning.
• B. Social Learning Theory and Cognitive Appraisal Theory.
• C. Observational learning and self-efficacy.
• D. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy.

Answer: (B)

Cognitive Theory expands learning by bringing internal mental processes into the picture. It adds that people learn not only from direct reinforcement but also by observing others and by how they interpret events. The two theories it adds are Social Learning Theory, which explains learning through watching others, modeling behavior, and anticipating consequences, and Cognitive Appraisal Theory, which emphasizes how our mental evaluations of situations shape what we attend to, remember, and how we respond emotionally and behaviorally.

The other options reflect behaviors or therapies rather than two distinct learning theories. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are foundational behaviorist ideas about learning through association and reinforcement. Observational learning and self-efficacy are core elements within Social Cognitive Theory, not separate theories to be added. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy is a therapeutic approach focused on changing irrational beliefs, not a learning theory.